Gluconic acid gluconic acid, the aldehyde group at the 1 position of glucose is replaced by a carboxyl group to form an aldonic acid (aldonic acid). Form D is produced in large amounts by fermentation of gluconic acid by the mold Aspergillus niger (Asp-ergilus) and Acetobacter xylinum,Gluconobacter (Acetobacterxylinum,Gluconobacter, etc.). Glucose oxidase from Penicillium Penicillium (notatum) oxidizes β-D-glucose to δ-gluconolactone.

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